Regulation of dynamo-electric machines.



No. 697,057. Patented Apr. 8, I902.

T. W. WILLIAMS.

REGULATION OF DYNAMO ELECTRIC MACHINES.

:Appliqation Med Dec. 4, 1900.-

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No. 697,057. Patented Apr. 8, I902.

-T. W. WHLIAMS.

REGULATION OF DYNAMO ELECTRIC MACHINES.

(Application filed Dec. 4, 1900.)

(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

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UNITED STATEs PATENT Orricn.

THOMAS WALLEY XVILLIAMS, OF SCIIENECTADY, NE'W YORK, ASSIGNOR TO GENERALELECTRIC COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF NEIV YORK.

REGULATlON OF DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 697,057, dated April 8,1902.

Application filed December 4, 1900. Serial No, 38,619. (No model.)

To aZZ whom i may, conceiv Upon this commutator bear brushes, which Beit known that I, THOMAS XVALLEY WIL- are connected in the usual way todirect-cur- LIAMS, a subject of the Queen of Great Britrent mains 11,which supply translating deain, residing at Schenectady, county ofSchenvices of any desired charactersuch, for in- 55 ectady, State of NewYork, have invented cerstance, as lamps and motors 1(5. The field tainnew and useful Improvements in Reguof the generator 12 is also excitedin the usual lation of Dynamo-Electric Machines, (Case manner bywindings connected in a circuit No. 1,628,) of which the following is aspeciacross the brushes 13. For the purpose of fication. regulating themagnetizing effect of this wind- 60 10 My present invention relates to asystem ing, and thereby maintaining the voltage of of electricaldistribution containing means for the generator constant regardless ofthe flucturegulating the electromotive force of a genations in speed ofthe prime mover 1, I include erator connected therewith,and is ofparticuin series with this winding a separately-exlar value where thedriving power of such cited auxiliary generator 17, driven bya mo- 65 i5generator or similar machine is subject to tive device which revolves inone direction considerable fluctuations in speed, as when when thefrequency of current supplied to the driven, for example, bywater-power, a gasmotor-generator set is above the normal and engine, orthe like. In the accompanying in the other direction when below thenormal. drawings I have shown the invention as ap- This motive device isconnected by the belt 70 2o plied to the regulation of a motor-generator18 to the auxiliary generator 17 and consists, set which receives itsenergy through a highas shown, of an induction-motor having an potentialalternating current -transmission armature 19 and two angularlydisplaced system supplied with current from a generafield-windings 20and 21. (Shown in this case tor driven by water-power. in series witheach other.) Across one of these 7 5 The details of the invention willbetter be windings is shunted a circuithaving in series understood byreference to the following detherein an inductance device 22 and aconscription, reference being had to the accomdenser 23, the capacityand inductance of this panying drawings. circuit being such as toexactly neutralize The features of novelty will be pointed out eachother when normal frequency exists 8o in the appended claims. upon thetransmission-lines leading to the Figures 1 and 2 of the drawings showdifmotor-generator 11. Under these conditions ferent modifications of myinvention. the current in the two windings 20 and 21 are In Fig. 1 theprime mover is represented at in phase with each other and no rotationof 1 and consists of a water-wheel of any ordithe movable member 19 isproduced. It, how 85 3 5 nary construction. This water-wheel is conever,the frequency varies from the normal,

nected by a shaft 2 with an alternating-curthe inductance and capacityno longer balrent three-phase generator 3, which supplies ance eachother, the effect of one overbalcurrent to the primary winding of astep-up ancing that of the other. The current in the transformer 4c. Thesecondary winding of coil 20 is consequently displaced in phase 0 thistransformer feeds current of high potenfrom that of the coil 21 and themotive detial into transmission-lines 5, 6, and 7. The vice startsintooperation, thereby driving the current after traversing the conductorsof the regulating-generator 17, which produces an transmission-lines 5,6, and 7 passes into the electromotive force which when combined primarywinding of a step-down transformer with that already acting on thefield-circuit 5 .5 9, the secondary of which is connected, of thegenerator 12 compensates for the change through collector-rings andbrushes 10, to the of voltage due to the change of speed of the rotatingmember of the synchronous motor synchronous-motor 11. The connection of11. This synchronous motor is mounted on the generator 17 is made sothat it adds its the same shaft with a direct-currentgeneraelectromotive force to that already acting on 10c tor 12 ofordinary construction. The comthe field-circuit of the generator 12 whenthe mutator of the generator is shown at 13. frequency of thecurrent-supply to the synchronous-motor 11 falls. When the frequencyrises above the normal, the motive device 19 reverses in direction,thereby causing the electromotive force of the regulating-generator toact in opposition to cut down the voltage of a generator 12.

Although I have described the voltage of the regulating-generator asacting upon a field-exciting circuit of the generator 12 alreadysupplied with current, it is evident that the said regulating-generator17 may supply current to separate regulating-coils on the generator.This as well as other and more radical changes may be made withoutdeparting from the spirit of my invention.

Fig. 2 shows a somewhat-difierent embodiment of my invention. Themotor-generator setis indicated at 11 and 12, its connections with theprime mover being the same as shown in Fig. 1, the corresponding partsin the two figures being represented by the same numerals. Theregulating device in Fig. 2 consists of a centrifugal governor whichcontrols a current-varying means associated with the field of thegenerator 12. This centrifugal gov ernor consists of two arms 25,pivoted to the shaft 26 of the generator, these arms cooperating withtwo other arms 27 tocarry the governor-balls 28. The arms 27 are pivotedto a sleeve'29,which is arranged so that it may slide along the shaft26. The rotary motion of the shaft causes the governor-balls to bethrown outward, the spring 30 serving to oppose this tendency and limitthe amount of movement. A rheostat-arm 31 is arranged so that one endengages a groove in the sleeve 29, the other end cooperating with aseries of contacts 31, joined at regular intervals to a resistance 32.The field-circuit 33 34 of the generator 12 is connected so as toinclude this resistancevarying device, the terminal 33 of thefieldcircuit being connected to one end of the resistance 32, thecircuit to the main 1 1 being completed through the rheostat-arm 31, asshown. In case the speed of the generator 12 increases above the normalthe centrifugal governor causes the sleeve 29 to move toward the end ofthe shaft, thereby acting upon the rheostat to cut more or less of theresistance 32 into circuit, thereby preventing an undesirable increasein voltage of the generator. A reverse variation of speed of course WhatI claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent'of the UnitedStates, is

1. The combination of a source of alternating current, means forconverting the alternating current into direct current, and automaticmeans for compensating for variation of voltage of'the direct currentoccasioned by variation of frequency of the alternating current. 5

2. The combination of a prime mover, an alternating-currentgeneratordriven thereby, a motor-generator arranged to receive energyfrom said alternating-current generator, and automatic means forcompensating for variation of voltage of the generator element of saidmotor-generator occasioned by fluctuations in speed of the prime mover.

3. The combination of a prime mover, an

alternating-c urrent generator driven thereby,"

transmission-lines extending from said generator, a motor-generator setfed with current derived from said transmission lines, and means forregulating the electromotive force of the generator element of themotor-generator set in accordance with variation of frequencyof currentin said transmission-lines. 4. The combination of alternating-currentand direct-current mains leading respectively from the motor andgenerator of a motor-generator set, a regulating-generator operativelyconnected to said generator, andmeans responsive to Y the frequency ofcurrent in the alternating-current mains for driving saidregulating-generator.

5. The combination of alternating-current and direct-current mainsleading respectively from the motor and generator of a motor-generatorset, a regulating-generator operatively connected to said generator, andmeans responsive to the frequency of current in the alternating-currentmains for controlling the speed of rotation of saidregulating-generator. In witness whereof I have hereunto set my handthis 3d day of December, 1900.

. THOMAS VALLEY WILLIAMS. \Vitnesses: BENJAMIN B. HULL, FRED RUSS.

